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"419" Scam – Advance Fee / Fake Lottery Scam

The so-called "419" scam is a type of fraud dominated by criminals from Nigeria and other countries in Africa. Victims of the scam are promised a large amount of money, such as a lottery prize, inheritance, money sitting in some bank account, etc.

Victims never receive this non-existent fortune but are tricked into sending their money to the criminals, who remain anonymous. They hide their real identity and location by using fake names and fake postal addresses as well as communicating via anonymous free email accounts and mobile phones.

Keep in mind that scammers DO NOT use their real names when defrauding people.
The criminals either abuse names of real people or companies or invent names or addresses.
Any real people or companies mentioned below have NO CONNECTION to the scammers!

Read more about such scams here or in our 419 FAQ. Use the Scam-O-Matic to verify suspect emails.

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Some comments by the Scam-O-Matic about the following email:

Fraud email example:

From: "Bank of America" (may be fake)
Date: Thu, 19 Jul 2018 14:48:44 -0700
Subject: Bank of America: Account Ownership Verification

New Page 4

Dear Valued Customer,

We noticed that a different computer has tried to access
your online banking but failed with wrong identity challenge during
the process. You now need to verify your Online Banking Identity.

If this is not completed on or before July 23, 2018 We will be forced to suspend
your account indefinitely, to avoid being used for fraudulent purpose.

Log in to Verify My Accounts.


Thank you for your understanding as we work together to protect your account.

© 2018 Bank of America.

Anti-fraud resources: